Cisco 2811 + NEC PBX + E1 Issue

我们用Csico 2811 V/k9连接NEC PBX 2000IPS,用E1模式连接，之前用2651好好的，但更换了28后，却经常出现VPM STATE显示出EM_GUARD_ALL。造成相关的端口被吊死。用户取到此条线时没有反映，或打进来时忙音。

; f  {* m+ `& D0 m' b3 ^对此故障已经更换过E1卡，换过槽位，也烦过PBX供应商N次。都没有结果，但每次把voice port busyout掉后，reset VPM State,便又回复正常。但几天又会有一两条被吊死。
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. s. x  _1 H- F  T' T1 f/ D此现象会是什么原因导致？烦请各位有经验人士给点经验值。
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以下是show voice call sum and sho voice port的信息，供参考！
0 f7 r0 z6 @  g" q+ b7 }
/ {$ H  W* x8 L! A- mCisco#show voice call sum
' I+ h5 ^5 l* r! o) A9 k# BPORT CODEC VAD VTSP STATE VPM STATE
============== ========= === ==================== ======================
0/3/0:1.1 - - - EM_GUARD_ALL
: t6 y0 Q) e; U4 P+ A) a$ Q0/3/0:1.2 - - - EM_ONHOOK
  d9 w5 Y% H! u  s9 S0/3/0:1.3 - - - EM_ONHOOK
1 n; o/ p) q. {+ d! }1 Z0/3/0:1.4 g711ulaw n S_CONNECT EM_CONNECT
0/3/0:1.5 g711ulaw n S_CONNECT EM_CONNECT
0/3/0:1.6 g711ulaw n S_ALERTING EM_OFFHOOK
0/3/0:1.7 - - - EM_ONHOOK
0/3/0:1.8 - - - EM_ONHOOK
* }, C# |1 l/ M. T# s0/3/0:1.9 - - - EM_ONHOOK
9 ?& t  ?# h. X7 _8 C4 G1 N0/3/0:1.10 - - - EM_GUARD_ALL
0/3/0:1.11 g711ulaw n S_CONNECT EM_CONNECT
, m; U% I+ c$ d- @0/3/0:1.12 g711ulaw n S_CONNECT EM_CONNECT
0/3/0:1.13 - - - EM_ONHOOK
/ \9 f) }) Q( l8 n1 X0/3/0:1.14 - - - EM_ONHOOK
: t0 f, m8 L: p0/3/0:1.15 - - - EM_ONHOOK

Cisco#
; N1 S# W* N7 `" d


4 f' S% W8 e2 q) N& m+ Z; rCisco#show voice port
; U8 ?- p$ r7 p1 s
+ N) v) E! C* W* O* Q# J8 FrecEive and transMit Slot is 0, Subslot is 3, Sub-unit is 0, Port is 1
3 ~- h) h  k! Z# L  c7 E$ N Type of VoicePort is E&M
+ X: I+ q7 Y" x Operation State is DORMANT
Administrative State is UP
No Interface Down Failure
$ T. S* j4 m* c, U; x$ t, v Description is not set
# k5 F8 s  s2 e Noise Regeneration is enabled
Non Linear Processing is enabled
* E* y$ o; b1 F$ N9 Z" o+ p Non Linear Mute is disabled
Non Linear Threshold is -21 dB
8 p4 a: q% c2 E3 l# O* `, C Music On Hold Threshold is Set to -38 dBm
/ N5 \$ K- X# d In Gain is Set to 0 dB
Out Attenuation is Set to 0 dB
Echo Cancellation is enabled
3 R1 r( v0 M6 `# ` Echo Cancellation NLP mute is disabled
Echo Cancellation NLP threshold is -21 dB
* y: v. b, V, q6 b. @# E Echo Cancel Coverage is set to 128 ms
) t" d$ Y) M& Q! t, q" F  i- p7 W Echo Cancel worst case ERL is set to 6 dB
Playout-delay Mode is set to adaptive
Playout-delay Nominal is set to 60 ms
Playout-delay Maximum is set to 1000 ms
Playout-delay Minimum mode is set to default, value 40 ms
Playout-delay Fax is set to 300 ms
7 ^: F" x' K" \/ w Connection Mode is normal
Connection Number is not set
6 t4 w, p1 k% I- \3 m) O Initial Time Out is set to 15 s
Interdigit Time Out is set to 2 s
Call Disconnect Time Out is set to 5 s
Ringing Time Out is set to 180 s
. P, _( V+ G2 r" b9 ~/ S3 ?! R Wait Release Time Out is set to 5 s
% k2 S% V) u7 d Companding Type is A-law
" d* y# y( c+ Y" w1 ? Rx A bit no conditioning set
) s% E4 n- x# R Rx B bit no conditioning set
Rx C bit no conditioning set
Rx D bit no conditioning set
9 J3 S5 Q  z. r7 F% }7 L5 A Tx A bit no conditioning set
Tx B bit no conditioning set
Tx C bit no conditioning set
Tx D bit no conditioning set
Rx Seize ABCD bits = 0001 Custom pattern
' y) b3 E6 I' C; T0 Q4 y Rx Idle ABCD bits = 1001 Custom pattern
Tx Seize ABCD bits = 0001 Custom pattern
0 i- t: g; K( |1 g Tx Idle ABCD bits = 1001 Custom pattern
Ignored Rx ABCD bits = BCD
Region Tone is set for CN
3 d) N9 h) ^0 D
Analog Info Follows:
Currently processing Voice
' V$ E$ M9 @, H3 D Maintenance Mode Set to None (not in mtc mode)
Number of signaling protocol errors are 0
( }9 d- r. _* x7 m Station name None, Station number None
Translation profile (Incoming):
* U4 ]$ y) z/ h8 `" c Translation profile (Outgoing):

Voice card specific Info Follows:
Operation Type is 2-wire
6 }; l+ p+ {- B2 a) N3 {* G# Q! N E&M Type is 1
Signal Type is immediate
1 k' Y$ y# S5 D  G Dial Out Type is dtmf
In Seizure is inactive
. a6 V! R' W- A+ X: ^0 i Out Seizure is inactive
Digit Duration Timing is set to 100 ms
InterDigit Duration Timing is set to 100 ms
; n0 E, a' u& p) k% J0 O4 i8 A( Y Pulse Rate Timing is set to 10 pulses/second
InterDigit Pulse Duration Timing is set to 750 ms
Clear Wait Duration Timing is set to 400 ms
Wink Wait Duration Timing is set to 200 ms
7 E  j9 ~4 p; M& O4 _ Wait Wink Duration Timing is set to 550 ms
Wink Duration Timing is set to 200 ms
, `8 W! P) b0 f; A6 `3 { Minimum received Wink Duration Timing is set to 140 ms
6 b' k9 M7 P% ]9 q) l Maximun received Wink Duration Timing is set to 290 ms
$ M1 N* ~# l2 v2 D9 ~! I Minimum seizure Timing is set to 50 ms
/ T: h7 r" t* q2 V Delay Start Timing is set to 300 ms
Delay Duration Timing is set to 2000 ms
Dial Pulse Min. Delay is set to 140 ms
Percent Break of Pulse is 65 percent
0 F" N+ b- U8 X- D# h, u Auto Cut-through is disabled
4 e" w+ T, t" f. S Dialout Delay is 300 ms
" z& F* Z' A# W8 G Hookflash-in Timing is set to 480 ms
/ n0 F: P9 s8 N, Y: p Hookflash-out Timing is set to 400 ms
, t& W# K4 h: `9 c) O' k
+ R! D- \+ s5 u: _8 g* G DS0 channel specific status info:
  ~7 V, b- Z2 d* q9 H IN OUT
" L, Q& U% c) U7 F9 DPORT CH SIG-TYPE OPER STATUS STATUS TIP RING
=============== == ============ ==== ====== ====== === ====
9 {& V/ V8 B7 \! q0/3/0:1 01 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
. F, d' G% ?0 U2 T2 }9 R0/3/0:1 02 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
0/3/0:1 03 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
# B8 }* {; Q% a% O0/3/0:1 04 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
1 {  o& Z) \) ~4 p4 {9 h0/3/0:1 05 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
0/3/0:1 06 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
% p0 n0 i/ M) q0/3/0:1 07 e&m-imd up seized seized
0/3/0:1 08 e&m-imd up seized seized
0/3/0:1 09 e&m-imd up seized idle
5 E* A9 i3 s3 F! F+ u0/3/0:1 10 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
- s* J  g2 H6 B# B+ A' x) u& l) L0/3/0:1 11 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
0/3/0:1 12 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
0/3/0:1 13 e&m-imd up idle seized
9 G" V+ u5 o) S% m; j7 s) _0/3/0:1 14 e&m-imd up idle seized
0/3/0:1 15 e&m-imd dorm idle idle
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7 k6 y/ v  d; _) q) h  B/ w! P" rCisco#

CISCO的VOIP设备基本没接触过，但其他的VOIP设备接触过，一般的接口咬死的原因有几种。1，PBX和VOIP设备接口不兼容。2，PBX设备线路电压和VOIP设备接口电压不匹配。3.具体配置设定问题。
* C3 f; [! c- i7 @: J解决这种问题，可以买一个挂断器看看，专门解决VOIP设备咬死的。

谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用有用学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了学习了

应该说你回复的3种情况都不应该存在,因为我们有几个厂,都是使用同一种设备,同样的配置,而其它厂没有出现问题.另外,挂断器是针对FXO或FXS之类的应用才会有用.但对E1或T1来说应该是没有用的.
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还请更有经验人士给点提示?

以下是出现问题的状态.VPM STATE是EM_GUARD_ALL时都取不了线.才过了三天,便出现这么多端口被吊死.急啊!也折磨了几个月了.
Cisco#show voice call sum
6 @' @; T5 x4 OPORT           CODEC     VAD VTSP STATE            VPM STATE
============== ========= === ==================== ======================
0/3/0:1.1       -          -  -                     EM_GUARD_ALL
0/3/0:1.2       g711ulaw   n  S_CONNECT             EM_CONNECT
0/3/0:1.3       -          -  -                     EM_ONHOOK
: @9 V" Z# N( D0/3/0:1.4       -          -  -                     EM_ONHOOK
0/3/0:1.5       -          -  -                     EM_ONHOOK
0/3/0:1.6       -          -  -                     EM_ONHOOK
0/3/0:1.7       -          -  -                     EM_GUARD_ALL
0/3/0:1.8       g711ulaw   n  S_ALERTING            EM_OFFHOOK
0/3/0:1.9       -          -  -                     EM_GUARD_ALL
0/3/0:1.10      -          -  -                     EM_GUARD_ALL
) _$ ?& n6 i. H1 F% a. _2 W+ v' ^0/3/0:1.11      -          -  -                     EM_GUARD_ALL
0/3/0:1.12      -          -  -                     EM_ONHOOK
, z1 }/ q. U% ~0/3/0:1.13      -          -  -                     EM_GUARD_ALL
0/3/0:1.14      -          -  -                     EM_ONHOOK
$ \" f; `0 A7 z) {* _0/3/0:1.15      g711ulaw   n  S_CONNECT             EM_CONNECT
9 d1 u1 E( M8 U
Cisco#show controller e1
E1 0/3/0 is up.
  Applique type is Channelized E1 - balanced
  No alarms detected.
  alarm-trigger is not set
( n% x$ V" W% ^5 j  Version info Firmware: 20090113, FPGA: 20, spm_count = 0
  Framing is NO-CRC4, Line Code is HDB3, Clock Source is Internal.
  u' m( _/ ?3 O- B1 @# \3 B  Data in current interval (182 seconds elapsed):
     0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations
8 [; _( p" ?  E! d     0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
     0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
. G6 O/ e( H2 ?/ E  Total Data (last 24 hours)
     0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations,
9 G) W8 o  n) _3 U0 O     0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins,
     0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
" b6 L* B8 N. fCisco#show voice port
% L3 C& x; r0 J5 ^" r
0 `2 W) t2 L6 r) ~9 }& x* S8 o, e  krecEive and transMit Slot is 0, Subslot is 3, Sub-unit is 0, Port is 1
Type of VoicePort is E&M
Operation State is DORMANT
, F8 k% N9 \/ O$ Y  ]7 v Administrative State is UP
No Interface Down Failure
; Y3 j" R1 \+ ~: a Description is not set
Noise Regeneration is enabled
# d* v6 u3 Q5 G; D0 P4 m Non Linear Processing is enabled
Non Linear Mute is disabled
; P6 i8 j9 q( Y) z. o  ` Non Linear Threshold is -21 dB
4 P+ I9 v8 V* t# G2 D* W8 F Music On Hold Threshold is Set to -38 dBm
0 D& L* ~9 \$ h In Gain is Set to 0 dB
  M7 |$ m5 \' ]$ O$ \ Out Attenuation is Set to 0 dB
9 v# j, m2 J9 j) U. X- V2 a& g5 \ Echo Cancellation is enabled
Echo Cancellation NLP mute is disabled
Echo Cancellation NLP threshold is -21 dB
Echo Cancel Coverage is set to 128 ms
Echo Cancel worst case ERL is set to 6 dB
# e/ S, {: d  g! h% `1 Q8 Q Playout-delay Mode is set to adaptive
( l/ @: f/ |6 @5 F+ ?  \* H Playout-delay Nominal is set to 60 ms
4 w$ y; P! }  B/ v0 j& C+ f Playout-delay Maximum is set to 1000 ms
Playout-delay Minimum mode is set to default, value 40 ms
( U* H8 N+ z! m7 ^ Playout-delay Fax is set to 300 ms
Connection Mode is normal
Connection Number is not set
Initial Time Out is set to 15 s
Interdigit Time Out is set to 2 s
Call Disconnect Time Out is set to 5 s
Ringing Time Out is set to 180 s
. f& {5 l+ U; ~, k& J Wait Release Time Out is set to 5 s
Companding Type is A-law
Rx  A bit no conditioning set
" g. x3 q2 K+ g Rx  B bit no conditioning set
Rx  C bit no conditioning set
Rx  D bit no conditioning set
6 K$ c+ y3 u1 P3 U9 L( u2 W; |' m: F Tx  A bit no conditioning set
Tx  B bit no conditioning set
Tx  C bit no conditioning set
Tx  D bit no conditioning set
/ k# b' K& E3 ~( W- K! Z( i Rx Seize ABCD bits = 0001 Custom pattern
2 L' R2 F5 P: @# N$ W Rx Idle ABCD bits = 1001 Custom pattern
Tx Seize ABCD bits = 0001 Custom pattern
' r  L% C+ T% u0 F Tx Idle ABCD bits = 1001 Custom pattern
) R/ W7 f2 ~" h" ~ Ignored Rx ABCD bits =  BCD
( ?- I5 p1 O% v" v% @- @ Region Tone is set for CN

Analog Info Follows:
Currently processing none
. E) F( Y. ?# I/ c* W8 R Maintenance Mode Set to None (not in mtc mode)
Number of signaling protocol errors are 0
: p+ O$ i) W( N$ T, c/ _  g Station name None, Station number None
Translation profile (Incoming):
Translation profile (Outgoing):

# _7 g: t5 c" F" [$ J" c6 U% m9 v Voice card specific Info Follows:
6 R3 ?1 U7 G" l0 K* t$ Q( e! Q Operation Type is 2-wire
E&M Type is 1
Signal Type is immediate
Dial Out Type is dtmf
In Seizure is inactive
Out Seizure is inactive
. J4 J% A. P/ H+ Z) V Digit Duration Timing is set to 100 ms
InterDigit Duration Timing is set to 100 ms
- z* ~0 f' I5 N, G2 Y Pulse Rate Timing is set to 10 pulses/second
InterDigit Pulse Duration Timing is set to 750 ms
. J1 \6 t$ N6 r2 I# e  e Clear Wait Duration Timing is set to 400 ms
* t( L6 B! h8 ?, q Wink Wait Duration Timing is set to 200 ms
+ s7 X( O/ |/ t) X  ^4 ^ Wait Wink Duration Timing is set to 550 ms
) m, M2 X! q/ ]. L4 O- [ Wink Duration Timing is set to 200 ms
: ]! X# \3 I8 {* P$ ? Minimum received Wink Duration Timing is set to 140 ms
Maximun received Wink Duration Timing is set to 290 ms
4 ~5 i7 E+ F/ u4 S* N9 m1 z Minimum seizure Timing is set to 50 ms
& k) t) R9 e/ i$ s& O* M. O6 B Delay Start Timing is set to 300 ms
Delay Duration Timing is set to 2000 ms
Dial Pulse Min. Delay is set to 140 ms
Percent Break of Pulse is 65 percent
5 K3 @3 p  l. I- @' F8 }4 U Auto Cut-through is disabled
. T. y% U! i1 Y6 x0 ~4 W9 K Dialout Delay is 300 ms
Hookflash-in Timing is set to 480 ms
3 O+ `& z$ V# Z: @* D2 P) J Hookflash-out Timing is set to 400 ms
8 v( J$ z  p6 H3 z7 Z- K0 K3 ~, \
0 G! M& d1 V' _! S DS0 channel specific status info:
                                      IN      OUT
PORT            CH  SIG-TYPE    OPER STATUS   STATUS    TIP     RING
9 N3 z1 q2 B2 J* s7 R=============== == ============ ==== ======   ======    ===     ====
; j' _3 k& E3 j! q$ F' |0/3/0:1          01  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
0/3/0:1          02  e&m-imd     up   seized   seized
9 Q9 ~8 c7 G3 j& H$ Y" T7 `% C7 t0/3/0:1          03  e&m-imd     up   seized   seized
) |* C, _) w$ v0 J5 f. q0/3/0:1          04  e&m-imd     up   seized   idle
4 d7 q$ ]/ m+ T* X2 [; s0/3/0:1          05  e&m-imd     up   seized   idle
0/3/0:1          06  e&m-imd     up   seized   seized
0/3/0:1          07  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
, Q1 N8 M! r1 Q4 S  g, O3 L0/3/0:1          08  e&m-imd     up   seized   seized
0/3/0:1          09  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
0/3/0:1          10  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
$ J) e5 M7 h1 }9 c+ w8 m0/3/0:1          11  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
0/3/0:1          12  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
7 ]/ W! e1 P8 g0/3/0:1          13  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
; }3 s3 r/ T1 p# e" T- d$ a/ R& [0/3/0:1          14  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle
. \( [# [2 i7 Y8 r+ x  R9 u5 e8 M0/3/0:1          15  e&m-imd     dorm idle     idle

接地做了吗？

我前段时间也有个和这个差不多的项目，没有这个问题。

什么东东  密密麻麻的

接地已經做了!

to 楼主：你们用的E&M接口是2线还是4线的？PBX和路由器所用的E&M接口分别用的是哪种E&M发送信号类型？

Operation Type is 2-wire
- ?# k* M3 F3 ~- k' eE&M Type is 1