
一。bgp配制中的属性
+ ]" C9 D0 b& z/ q『19.0.0.0/8-RTa-ospf-RTb』- ebgp-2.2.2.2- ?; x2 E& c' e4 A
!!!!!!控制出站路由!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
$ a. J4 Y% D2 Y9 J& W已知某国政府官方网站只希望本国公民访问,不希望国外流量访问。该国的官方网站集中在181.194.33.0、24 网段内(在RTA与RTB间的AS里)
& |, F7 T3 W) Paccess-list 1 deny 181.194.33.0 0.0.0.255
; [) a4 B( b u/ q. w; Zaccess-list 1 permit any
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router bgp 1
0 r& r) V3 y* _: g. anei 1.1.1.1 remote-as 2
! M' Y6 C7 h# O' v8 gnei 1.1.1.1 router-map deny181 out2 n) O- v# m0 V9 w- P4 w- N
7 P4 H. @/ N# }route-map deny181 permit 10" z1 G1 Z( Y# ?8 S
match ip address 1* Y. m2 z% D1 D; r
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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local-prefernce实例. Q, `' Z* f# o8 P
【AS2】 【AS3】* h2 f, F! |- P! ?" r7 o( Z
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0 r6 G* r$ I* k' G: z( i 【AS1】
* g1 R% O- R: R4 ?% G# p1 E0 [, x& kAS1有两个出站策略时候3 Q) N8 x0 [# `, F7 W6 e
Acces-list 1 permit any G+ L5 s* W2 O. I; a
router bgp 1$ C1 O- a) q2 R( F2 ]. B/ O* m
nei 2.2.2.2 remote-as 2
6 S1 X+ F9 ]" b( Inei 2.2.2.2 router-map set_local in- \! p# F% B: F: @$ N5 x
nei 3.3.3.3 remote-as 3
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' a) {+ B8 E, C) y! }' Q% \" L: `route-map set_local permit 10
! y& L: m; }% G: @match ip add address 1
6 P5 @% [' j T% ]set local-preference 200 b7 O3 n& i0 w B( r
local preference 的缺省值是100 值越大优先级越高
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
& F6 y$ u, O9 ~# ]0 `MED实例
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『AS200【A】【B】』
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/ [5 L; L! v: ? [] []
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% C1 Q5 | o! e- d, r[]网通两个国际出口,希望出流量负载均衡,入流量只通过右下的[]进来
& V+ y; S/ X+ f D+ D/ Aip as-path access-list 10 permit ^$* J* f6 S" i" X# c+ \0 |' w. p
ip as-path access-list 10 deny *% g, E3 h' f1 U$ l; g: E6 ]
router bgp 1' X! E7 r+ C9 @* A- h4 P3 o O
nei 2.2.2.2 remote-as 2$ T1 x# p- P# _
nei 2.2.2.2 route-map my_med out
% A! t6 B' T' J) W8 s0 O0 M3 Krouter-map my_med permit 20! l( i. H! O! A: ?3 D
match as-path 10
: I* p; _7 O! Zset metric 2000# Z I' U, ^" w; N9 r# v% u
med缺省值是0 值越小越优
$ M+ M) E6 o; q" q2 N!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!% N# q) P" M% f' V
AS path实例
" m7 ?' }) {: B+ {/ m某国政府不希望民众访问美国的站点,已经知道美国的AS是400
. @3 R* }: H6 J* ^7 _" R5 jIp as-path access-list deny _400$6 r6 w. d, g1 K7 }9 ]5 ^
ip as-path access-list 1 permit any5 n0 H7 v2 J, O
router bgp 1
1 S; a1 `1 A+ D& s, }: Fnei 2.2.2.2 remote-as 2 阿富汉自治系统邻居配7 ~# Z0 w# Q: P3 ^ v: }0 b
nei 2.2.2.2 router-map deny_usa in# w, j# Y9 s/ e
route-map deny_usa permit 101 ?; S3 n3 `6 [7 z
match as-path 1; {" S$ |" i. x5 ]4 E
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!) F& z: E! y: X1 ]8 Q+ J, T
community属性的实际应用2 u2 y4 U- [/ |) F* ?" S |1 f
一群路由的团体而不是路由器的团体。
1 |2 x# b9 I" g* Z- x8 @3 [已知中国移动互联网中,每个省都有一台路由器运行BGP0" O8 S/ B5 _5 d: k8 C
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想知道某些网段来自哪个省。
1 V! b" n7 D2 }; Q# \6 yaccess-list 1 permit any7 S, G" Z1 S" G+ H0 l. r
router bgp 65000
1 U7 x- n5 r2 y+ e/ ~# e [) Mnet 202.24.0.0 255.255.0.0 route-map set-comm out
( V( Y# ^( Z# } ^, Q% xnei 2.2.2.2 remote-as 65000国际出口路由: E5 k- V; {9 C) O/ y8 i) ~$ C
nei 2.2.2.2 send-community
( x8 n2 }' m8 r% [2 hrouter-map set_comm permit 10
# y. O0 q3 v0 _1 i+ _match ip add 1
; E: U" B1 i3 B9 ?set community 65000:24 additive5 \8 O1 } y/ Y# n4 M1 G/ m- n+ x
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为了防止破坏或者是防
, {5 W0 p. ?/ I& J( x' s4 }$ i止一些工程师错误配置对自己的影响我们访问列表拒绝掉从BGP学来的默认
( l9 `5 L0 A- [" F' H' P+ K% pACces-list 1 deny 0
+ w* V3 \4 K3 @7 d2 V( Z7 Oaccess-list 1 permit any
) [4 t l. A' j' Lrouter bgp 1* a9 \; B6 u* z5 v% Z6 w# }' o
distribute-list 1 in
6 V+ W) I/ f0 n5 }% W+ {每台运行EBGP的路由器上一定不会有一条指向其他EBGP邻居的缺省路由$ u2 I7 E+ [* c, P8 b% y5 W4 c
不将无效的流量指向他人,是一台BGP路由器应尽到的义务 |
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