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HCIEv3.0 OSPF收尾 1.OSPF的STUB [SW3]dis cu conf ospf # ospf 1 router-id 13.13.13.13 area 0.0.0.15 stub [SW3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Public routing table : OSPF Destinations : 10 Routes : 14
3 Y* k: V+ C2 c) ? ?OSPF routing table status : <Active> Destinations : 10 Routes : 14
; ~" j- ?& o8 |) d- [" C: f# mDestination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 8 p* B/ e; @; b1 z q9 y
0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 //area 15因为存在2个ABR，每个ABR都会产生默认路由的3类LSA（开销值默认为1），总的开销值为2 [R1]dis ospf lsdb summary 0.0.0.0
Y: m U9 }& ^& H OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 0.0.0.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Link State Database 0 i- D; M( [/ L4 z, v3 C, B7 R
Area: 0.0.0.15 Link State Database
: @) M% m d( ` H! C9 }) }) ?& y: `8 Y) e2 s
Type : Sum-Net Ls id : 0.0.0.0 Adv rtr : 0.0.0.1 Ls age : 357 Len : 28 Options : None seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0x8dcf Net mask : 0.0.0.0 Tos 0 metric: 1 Priority : Low
% W0 `/ Y }+ \' e, F# Y) B Type : Sum-Net Ls id : 0.0.0.0 Adv rtr : 5.5.5.5 Ls age : 351 Len : 28 Options : None seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0xfc4d Net mask : 0.0.0.0 Tos 0 metric: 1 Priority : Low 完全的STUB区域： 进一步减少3类LSA，仅仅剩余1、2、ABR产生的默认路由的3类LSA 在ABR设备上实施no-summary [R1]ospf [R1-ospf-1]area 15 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15]stub no-summary [R5]ospf [R5-ospf-1]area 15 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15]stub no-summary [SW3]dis ospf routing
1 s, w9 N2 N, P/ q! \5 h8 L OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 13.13.13.13 Routing Tables ' Z$ b# p+ l) J
Routing for Network Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area 10.1.15.0/24 1 Transit 10.1.15.3 13.13.13.13 0.0.0.15 0.0.0.0/0 2 Inter-area 10.1.15.1 0.0.0.1 0.0.0.15 0.0.0.0/0 2 Inter-area 10.1.15.5 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.15 ( B' r* G' I; a: Y3 p
[SW3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Public routing table : OSPF Destinations : 1 Routes : 2
( S' R5 P. F/ l T j+ EOSPF routing table status : <Active> Destinations : 1 Routes : 2
2 T/ F7 q0 ?! g- M+ SDestination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
- w% |) H9 E/ z6 q, y7 ]2 D( D 0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 2.OSPF的NSSA（not so stub area）区域 不接收5类LSA，但是可以引入外部路由，引入一种新的7类的NSSA的LSA 一个分支现在不接收5类LSA，同时还要在本区域得到默认路由去指向运行商而不是总公司（area 0） [SW3-ospf-1]ar [SW3-ospf-1]area 15 [SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15] [SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15]nssa Error: The specified area has been configured as a STUB area. //需要先拿掉STUB的配置，然后再配置NSSA [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15]dis th [V200R003C00] # area 0.0.0.15 nssa //该区域中所有设备都配置nssa,否则NP位不一致，导致无法建立邻居 [SW3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15]dis ospf peer brief
4 o6 ^. ~: ]# y$ z OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 13.13.13.13 Peer Statistic Information ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Area Id Interface Neighbor id State 0.0.0.15 Vlanif30 0.0.0.1 Full 0.0.0.15 Vlanif30 5.5.5.5 Full ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [SW3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Public routing table : OSPF Destinations : 13 Routes : 14 ( ^/ F; \4 m# t8 `9 Q% p
OSPF routing table status : <Active> Destinations : 13 Routes : 14 & t S! b1 q3 }- l- q1 i# l( D
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface # Y( |- W+ H- A: N0 B2 v. E, C k2 Q$ l
0.0.0.0/0 O_NSSA 150 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 O_NSSA 150 1 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 //华为设备上默认从ABR（s）处得到7类LSA产生的默认路由，这点在思科设备上不会自动产生 10.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 10.1.1.4/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 10.1.1.5/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 10.1.34.0/24 OSPF 10 97 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 10.1.35.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 10.1.56.0/24 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 11.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 33.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 44.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 55.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 66.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 100.1.1.1/32 O_NSSA 150 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 //不同于STUB区域，此时NSSA区域得到了本区域引入的7类LSA产生的外部路由（其他区域引入的外部路由通过默认路由去访问） [R6-ospf-1]import-route direct [SW3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf //NSSA内部的设备看不到其他区域引入的外部路由，但是可以通过默认路由去访问 Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Public routing table : OSPF Destinations : 13 Routes : 14
& {. H! H2 D1 }' N$ o5 p% j, ^OSPF routing table status : <Active> Destinations : 13 Routes : 14
$ ~* v- g% q, {, QDestination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 4 `7 a% [" n) k7 o V: n
0.0.0.0/0 O_NSSA 150 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 O_NSSA 150 1 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 10.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 10.1.1.4/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 10.1.1.5/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 10.1.34.0/24 OSPF 10 97 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 10.1.35.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 10.1.56.0/24 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 11.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 33.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 44.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 55.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 66.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 49 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 100.1.1.1/32 O_NSSA 150 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30
6 G) R' E; {; @& C* G7 IOSPF routing table status : <Inactive> Destinations : 0 Routes : 0 % N5 B8 G1 H. P+ y; s
[SW3]ping 6.6.6.6 PING 6.6.6.6: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 6.6.6.6: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=70 ms Reply from 6.6.6.6: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 6.6.6.6: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 6.6.6.6: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=50 ms Reply from 6.6.6.6: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=50 ms ( J5 S; Y" C. V5 w4 }( B8 O( X
--- 6.6.6.6 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 50/54/70 ms NSSA的特点：本区域可以为所欲为的引入外部路由，其他区域引入的外部路由不接受（只许州官放火不许百姓点灯） ========================= 7类LSA 通告者：NSSA区域的ASBR 通告范围：仅仅在NSSA区域（更新到NSSA区域外会变成5类LSA） 内容和功能：描述NSSA区域产生的外部路由（网络前缀、掩码、度量、类型、转发地址、tag） [SW3]dis ospf lsdb nssa 100.1.1.1
' b# a+ J' n! g U. r( q. j OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 13.13.13.13 Area: 0.0.0.15 Link State Database
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/ p5 t; G. g! v3 F% o Type : NSSA Ls id : 100.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 0.0.0.1 Ls age : 1526 Len : 36 Options : None seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0xd40 Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.15.1 //NSSA LSA的转发地址一般都去非0 Tag : 1 Priority : Medium ------------------------ [SW3]ip route-static 133.1.1.1 32 NULL 0 [SW3]ospf [SW3-ospf-1]import-route static [SW3-ospf-1]dis ospf lsdb nssa self-originate 1 X& h" ?/ @8 R' l1 l) X9 e' P
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 13.13.13.13 Area: 0.0.0.15 Link State Database
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3 s# j4 g: S: a# H$ U0 [- n+ Z4 M: I Type : NSSA Ls id : 133.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 13.13.13.13 Ls age : 37 Len : 36 Options : NP //P代表可以转换 seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0x806e Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.15.3 Tag : 1 Priority : Low 默认情况下是NSSA区域的ABR（RID较大的ABR,防环的角度）进行的7-->5 <R3>dis ip routing-table 133.1.1.1 Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Table : Public Summary Count : 1 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface # b5 s. ]" @% s' r* Y2 e: v- o# Y2 O
133.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 10.1.35.5 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 <R3>dis ospf lsdb ase 133.1.1.1
9 k- R- I$ v' ~ OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 33.1.1.1 Link State Database ) S* e6 ~+ W+ C% S
5 I7 C- a1 c; D0 W6 F Type : External Ls id : 133.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 5.5.5.5 //是NSSA区域的ABR设备做了7转5， Ls age : 318 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0xe72f Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.15.3 Tag : 1 Priority : Medium <R3>dis ospf abr-asbr 7 H$ z! U% m! v& @
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 33.1.1.1 Routing Table to ABR and ASBR
5 _3 K r. z9 F RtType Destination Area Cost Nexthop Type Intra-area 0.0.4.4 0.0.0.34 48 10.1.34.4 ABR Intra-area 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.35 1 10.1.35.5 ABR/ASBR //对ASBR的进一步理解：只要产生了5类LSA就是ASBR Inter-area 0.0.0.1 0.0.0.35 49 10.1.35.5 ASBR Inter-area 0.0.0.6 0.0.0.35 49 10.1.35.5 ASBR ======================= NSSA的细节： no-summary之后，ABR产生几类的默认路由？3类。OSPF形式的默认路由只能以3、5、7类存在 . a2 l4 c4 X; I( J7 Z
<SW3>dis ospf routing
( G' b+ W! k' O7 h& p3 f# }( \ OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 13.13.13.13 Routing Tables . S1 `# B( T# m; @/ Q
Routing for Network Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area 10.1.15.0/24 1 Transit 10.1.15.3 13.13.13.13 0.0.0.15 0.0.0.0/0 2 Inter-area 10.1.15.1 0.0.0.1 0.0.0.15 0.0.0.0/0 2 Inter-area 10.1.15.5 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.15 2 g, Q! ~" O4 O0 j. y: V0 i, a" J/ Y0 t
Total Nets: 3 Intra Area: 1 Inter Area: 2 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0 , [- [4 y3 w' Q k& B9 }% D( F
<SW3>dis ip rou pro ospf Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Public routing table : OSPF Destinations : 1 Routes : 2 3 n8 A$ O+ `8 x% C' d [
OSPF routing table status : <Active> Destinations : 1 Routes : 2
9 [5 H% D+ s( B7 NDestination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
9 e# d; g/ f3 e6 t y( C" Z3 K5 M 0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 # u. }4 L4 u" s! _+ k0 x0 j6 a G
OSPF routing table status : <Inactive> Destinations : 0 Routes : 0 --------------------------- ABR同时也是ASBR的设备引入外部路由，NP不置位，因为这不需要把7类再转成5类，因为ASBR本身就产生了5类LSA。 [R1-ospf-1]import-route static [R1-ospf-1]dis ospf lsdb nssa self-originate
: {- \+ R r& f% W5 g7 q! s OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 0.0.0.1 Area: 0.0.0.0 Link State Database
9 Q/ `- ], M! h Area: 0.0.0.15 Link State Database , w' e& h' K' [; L9 z; O$ Q+ K& G
Type : NSSA Ls id : 100.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 0.0.0.1 Ls age : 16 Len : 36 Options : None seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0xd40 Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.15.1 Tag : 1 Priority : Low
! O% S0 n, r4 m4 L" J! ~0 z% q[R1-ospf-1]dis ospf lsdb ase self-originate
4 l1 z. X, v) ]9 t' J4 t) e( a" L% d OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 0.0.0.1 Link State Database
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Type : External Ls id : 100.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 0.0.0.1 Ls age : 46 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0xbea9 Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 0.0.0.0 Tag : 1 Priority : Low ==================== translator-always Set NSSA translator role always //总是进行7转5的操作 R1上配置该命令，结果 <R4>dis ospf lsdb ase 133.1.1.1 //开始看到的情况R1和R5都做了转换 : t! b3 G; M* D# ]: x' K
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 0.0.4.4 Link State Database
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Type : External Ls id : 133.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 5.5.5.5 Ls age : 825 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0xe72f Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.15.3 Tag : 1 Priority : Medium & h% M$ G5 f. k5 c
Type : External Ls id : 133.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 0.0.0.1 Ls age : 36 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0x78b1 Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.15.3 Tag : 1 Priority : Medium <R4>dis ospf lsdb ase 133.1.1.1 2 x, D: I# c3 \: w1 o0 w. i
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 0.0.4.4 Link State Database
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, Z I8 ?6 C( k: y2 X/ ?2 g Type : External Ls id : 133.1.1.1 Adv rtr : 0.0.0.1 Ls age : 175 Len : 36 Options : E seq# : 80000001 chksum : 0x78b1 Net mask : 255.255.255.255 TOS 0 Metric: 1 E type : 2 Forwarding Address : 10.1.15.3 Tag : 1 Priority : Medium <R5>dis ospf lsdb ase 133.1.1.1 self-originate //R5不在做7转5的转换 $ N. B1 o7 b6 S% `
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 5.5.5.5 Link State Database ----------------------- no-import-route //ABR如果做了引入外部路由，由于NSSA内部设备可以通过默认路由访问外部，我们可以不需要改路由 <SW3>dis ip rou pro ospf Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Public routing table : OSPF Destinations : 2 Routes : 3
1 b$ h* u1 V$ ?. ^: r6 b3 _" uOSPF routing table status : <Active> Destinations : 2 Routes : 3
# N, k$ ?8 M" D; ^Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface # `- ]8 ^: e4 Q: {3 B
0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 100.1.1.1/32 O_NSSA 150 1 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 //默认进入NSSA [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15]nssa translator-always no-summary no-import-route <SW3>dis ip rou pro ospf Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Public routing table : OSPF Destinations : 1 Routes : 2 ' V. Q. W/ V6 Z A1 V0 }
OSPF routing table status : <Active> Destinations : 1 Routes : 2 m6 X* L: f, Q/ d5 x
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface ) O/ `$ D6 h) v* H
0.0.0.0/0 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.5 Vlanif30 OSPF 10 2 D 10.1.15.1 Vlanif30 ----------------------------- ABR转换为5类LSA后转发地址为全0 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.15]nssa translator-always no-summary no-import-route suppress-forwarding-address <R4>dis ospf lsdb ase 133.1.1.1 5 i+ B9 B: N& l/ Q! h
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 0.0.4.4 Link State Database 添加客服微信了解更多！
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